112 lines
2.4 KiB
Markdown
112 lines
2.4 KiB
Markdown
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# tar
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extract .tar file
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tar vfx archive.tar
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unzip and extract .tar.gz or .tgz file
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tar vfxz g_zipped_archive.tar.gz
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turn directory into a .tar file
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tar vfc tarred_directory.tar directory
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turn directory into g-zipped directory
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tar vfcz z_zipped_directory.tar.gz directory
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# Basic Usage
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`vf` means verbosely list files (`v`) and use a file (`f`), not `stdin`.
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These appear in most commands.
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Untar a file:
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tar vfx <tar-file-to-extract>
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Create a tar file from a directory:
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tar vfc <name-of-tar-file> <directory-to-tar>
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# Remembering the Flags
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`tar` is very finicky. Flags don't need to be prepended by a hyphen, but are
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instead bundled into the first word on the command line. A leading hyphen will
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break some implementations or require an order. For example, `tar vfx` might
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work while with a hyphen it would require `tar -xvf`, with the `x` flag first.
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You can get maximum portability is you never use the hyphens, so examples here
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are shown without the hyphen.
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You'll almost always want `vf`. `v` verbosely lists files as they are
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manipulated, and `f` means you're reading from a file, not `stdin`. You can
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remember `vf` if you remember that `tar` is Very Finicky: `vf`.
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Extract things from a tar file with `x` for extraction. Compress things to a
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tar file with `c` for compress.
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And you'll have to just remember that g-zipping is `z` and b-zipping is `j`.
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# Tarring
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Compress directory (`c`) into g-zipped (`z`) directory:
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tar vfcz z_zipped_directory.tar.gz directory
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Compress directory (`c`) into b-zipped (`j`) directory:
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tar vfcj b_zipped_directory.tar.bz2 directory
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Compress directory (`c`) into xz-zipped (`J`) directory:
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tar vfcJ xz_zipped_directory.tar.xz directory
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# Untarring
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Untar (`x`) and unzip a g-zipped (`z`) file:
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tar vfxz g_zipped_archive.tar.gz
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Untar (`x`) and unzip a b-zipped (`j`) file:
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tar vfxj b_zipped_archive.tar.bz2
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Untar (`x`) and unzip an xz-zipped (`J`) file:
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tar vfxJ xz_zipped_archive.tar.xz
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## Partial Untarring
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Extract only part of the contents (`directory/foo.txt`) from a .tar file:
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tar vfx archived_directory.tar directory/foo.txt
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# Display Contents
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List (`t`) the contents of a tar file without untarring it:
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$ tar vft tarred_directory.tar
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drwxr-xr-x 0 tyrion group 0 Feb 4 14:54 directory/
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-rw-r--r-- 0 tyrion group 0 Feb 4 14:54 directory/bar.txt
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-rw-r--r-- 0 tyrion group 0 Feb 4 14:54 directory/foo.txt
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